What openings and defenses would you (or anyone) recommend? There is far too much theory out there for a beginner or novice to haphazardly pick up a book and just start somewhere... I understand Nimsowitsch's book (My System) to be the first and still the best book on chess strategy but obviously not the only book. with everything out there, Sicilian, Indian, Queens Gambit etcetra and so forth where should one begin... and, just to be on the safe side lets say top five openings and defenses... and if anyone is feeling extremely generous with their time perhaps they might even enlighten some of us lesser players as to why they consider their choices better than other available choices...
Lousy had a pretty good reply regarding this. Assuming that you already have some knowledge of strategy and tactics, your choice of openings will depend on many things, including your style of play, whether or not (and how much) you want to improve as a player, how much time you have available for study, etc.
I would suggest getting a book on openings (MCO or NCO would be ideal; Concise Chess Openings by Neil McDonald is also good) to help you decide which opening to settle on. As White, you can't go wrong with either 1 e4 or 1 d4 (1 c4 is another option). As Black, 1 ... c5 (the Sicilian) and 1 ... e5 are openings that are played at all levels in response to e4. 1 ... e6 (the French) and 1 ... c6 (the Caro-Kann) are also viable. In response to d4, Black can use the solid Nimzo-Indian/Bogo-Indian, the popular King's Indian, the old standby 1 ... d5, etc. There are many good options vs 1 d4.
I think the best advice I have read is this;
Everytime you play a game, analyse it ompletely without using a computer program. Then look up the opening variation you played and see where you deviated from "theory" or where a superior variation exists.
Personally I try to analyse a master game or two in the variation which interests me in terms of their handling of the position or an interesting attack or theme.
Having studied chemistry to PhD level, I can honestly say I have forgotten more than I remember for two reasons;
1) it is redundant knowledge I never use regularly
2) I don't compound the knowledge by studying around the subject enough
I hope that looking at master games as well as books will add more "hooks" to hold the knowledge I try to gain.