Missed Vital Pawn Move e5—How to Better Spot Such Opportunities?

In a recent game, I played h6, thinking it would be a good prophylactic move to prevent Ng5. However, this turned out to be a blunder {-1.19}. The best move was actually e5 {+0.98} in my favor—a difference of more than two pawns!

I find it challenging to recognize weaknesses and vital moves in a position, particularly when it involves a seemingly subtle pawn move like e5.

Could you please share your thinking process for this position?

• How do you identify the threats present here?
• What clues lead you to consider the pawn push on the e-file?
• How can I better spot such subtle moves and anticipate my opponent's threats in the future?

Any advice or insights would be greatly appreciated!

Thanks in advance.